San Francisco Basics
01:06 February 28th, 2012 by James Cool
San Francisco no no hair removal , officially City and County of San Francisco , commonly abbreviated as SF , or more familiarly in Frisco , is a city of the United States located in California between the Pacific Ocean to the west and the San Francisco Bay to the is. The city is located at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula .
San Francisco is the American city most densely populated of the United States after New York . The municipality of San Francisco is the fourth most populous municipality in California with 805,235 inhabitants in its administrative boundaries 1 , 4,335,391 inhabitants in the greater San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont (the eleventh of the country) and over 7 million in its metropolitan area 2 , the fifth of the U.S. by population, also known as Bay Area . The southern part of the latter is occupied by the great city of San Jose and Silicon Valley , which hosts a large number of companies tech world renowned. It also hosts the Stanford University and the UC Berkeley . To the north lies the Napa Valley famous for its wines.
The main symbols of the city are the Golden Gate Bridge , the former prison island of Alcatraz , the Transamerica Pyramid , the Coit Tower and the cable cars . City of tolerance and empowerment of minorities, it is also known for its Chinatown , its neighborhoods gay and hippie and its many hills . It represents a cultural center, major economic and tourism to the United States .
The city is located in an area of seismic risk level due to the presence of the San Andreas Fault . The latter crosses the region of the San Francisco Bay from north to south.
The oldest traces of human occupation in the territory of the present city date back to about 3000 BC 3 . The earliest known inhabitants of the Bay Area of San Francisco are the Indians Ohlone (Indian term meaning “the people of the West”).
After the discovery of America [ change ]
The English navigator Sir Francis Drake along the California coast in 1579 , but it is not within the San Francisco Bay. The Spaniards were the first Europeans to explore and colonize the region, by an institution strengthening their domination over the Pacific Ocean , the “Spanish Lake”, with their possessions Filipino and American in particular.
San Francisco and represented the end of more or less continuous military and religious establishments to ensure physically Spanish sovereignty and perhaps French in this vast territory. The expedition of Don Gaspar de Portolà arrived on 2 November 1769 , in San Francisco Bay 4 .
On 17 September 1776 , the Spanish founded a presidio and October 9 newly built mission is dedicated to the patron of missionaries: San Francisco de Asis (St. Francis ). Like the rest of California, San Francisco came under Mexican sovereignty in 1821 . It was not until 1836 that the first homes are located in a village on the edge of the bay, in a place called Yerba Buena (“good herb”), by reference to the mint that grows on the hills surrounding. The city was then taken by the Americans in 1846 and lost in 1848 when they won the war made in Mexico to expand their territory. That year Mexico also lost the entire California and the current states of Arizona , the Colorado , of Nevada , the New Mexico and the Utah .
The gold rush
San Francisco in 1851.
San Francisco in 1860.
The city does takes off with the gold rush of one thousand eight hundred forty-eight – in 1849 , welcoming the emigrants in search of the precious ore. It is the terminus of the first transcontinental railroad. Adventurers from around the world are attracted to this land of gold which can be reached by the Golden Gate ( Golden Gate ). A few years later, the discovery of deposits of money in the Sierra Nevada accelerates the development of the town.
In 1847 , Oscar Levi Strauss moved to San Francisco and created the first jeans that are very successful with prospectors and miners. During the war, factories Levi’s provide the U.S. Army in pants.
San Francisco has 70 000 inhabitants from 1862 . The state capital is covered with fine buildings and modern societies for the time. The actions of hundreds of mining companies Comstock trade on the Stock Exchange of San Francisco , producing many millionaires that animate political life: James Graham Fair , John William Mackay , James C. Flood and Bank of Nevada , Adolph Heinrich Joseph Sutro , William Sharon and the Bank of California or John P. Jones and Hayward Alvinza . They built the Palace Hotel , the Theatre of California, Hayward Park , the Kohl Building and the Palace of James C. Flood Mansion .
It is also in the second half of the xix th century that the diaspora Chinese began to settle in San Francisco, California when they nicknamed the “gold mountain.” Emigrants fleeing the consequences of the opium wars and prospered in catering, trade, fishing and laundry: San Francisco was then a city of men (miners, adventurers) who needed laundries. The Chinese secret societies formed to resolve their differences. Chinatown was not reputable. In some bars, we used a narrow gate to delay the advance of police. At the beginning of xx th century , the Jews from the German bourgeoisie moved to San Francisco.
The xx th century
The City Hall of San Francisco after the earthquake of 1906 .
In 1906 , she had an earthquake and much of the city is destroyed by a huge fire started after the earthquake . It took three days to contain the disaster. The city was later rebuilt quickly, thanks to an influx of foreign labor from Europe and Asia. San Francisco was also the town of Joshua Norton , self-proclaimed Emperor of the United States.
Main article: 1906 Earthquake in San Francisco .
In 1915, the International Exhibition in San Francisco attracts 19 million visitors 5 . During the Great Depression , the city is affected by social unrest: the dock strike became general on 16 July 1934 but ultimately failed 6 . The work of the Golden Gate Bridge began on 5 January 1933 7 , under the auspices of the Public Works Administration (PWA) and then from 1935 the Work Projects Administration (WPA), programs launched at the initiative of President Franklin D. Roosevelt as part of its policy of public works. He was creating jobs in public works, paid for by federal funds to reduce unemployment. The Golden Gate International Exposition held in 1939 and 1940 on the artificial island of Treasure Island freshly built. World War II saw the development of military industries in California: the port of San Francisco serves as a starting point for troops for the battles of the Pacific against the Japanese Empire 8 .
After the Second World War , the first peace conference meets in San Francisco. It ends on 26 June 1945 to the signing of the Charter of the UN by fifty countries. In 1951 , the second “Peace Conference” was held there, and resulted in the Treaty of San Francisco . This Treaty shall enter into force on 28 April 1952 and ends the occupation period ( 1945 – 1952 in Japan ). The industrial revolution of the second half of the xx th century transformed the economy of the region: the development of Silicon Valley , south of the city, gives a dynamic and modern image of this region of California. The city is the last frontier , the most American city in the west.
Opening city
San Francisco is, by its tradition of tolerance, often at the forefront of the empowerment of minorities and civil rights. The program of the Black Panthers ‘ Free Breakfast for Children Program , “started from San Francisco. The city was also in the years 1960-1970 a major focus of the counterculture hippie , the psychedelia and flower power .
San Francisco became a city emblematic of the cause of homosexuals , particularly in the 1970s , with the political activism of Harvey Milk , assassinated in 1978 with Mayor George Moscone . It was the birthplace of the movement Beatnik .
Geography
Main article: San Francisco Bay .
Satellite image of San Francisco.
One of the many hills of San Francisco with Coit Tower .
Map of San Francisco.
San Francisco is located on the west coast of the blucigs United States in the State of California . The city lies on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula . It is surrounded to the east by the waters of the San Francisco Bay to the north by the Strait of Golden Gate and west by the Pacific Ocean . Several bridges connect the city to the shores of the bay: the most famous being the Golden Gate Bridge (northwest) and the Bay Bridge , which connects San Francisco to Oakland to the east.
Several islands majestic and comical belong to the municipality of San Francisco ( Alcatraz , Treasure Island , Yerba Buena Island ), as well as small areas of Angel Island and Red Rock Island near the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge . The Farallon Islands , located in the Pacific Ocean 43 km northwest of the coast, depend administratively the municipality, but are not inhabited and used as a nature reserve .
The municipality of San Francisco falls roughly into a square about 11 km from the side, but it is actually slightly smaller. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the city covers 600.4 km ² , of which 120.9 km ² of land and 479.7 km ² is water. The waters thus occupy 79.869% of the total area.
San Francisco is famous for more than 50 hills within the limits of the town 9 . A “hill” san-Franciscan is defined by an altitude of more than 30 meters . Some of them correspond to a neighborhood like Nob Hill , Pacific Heights , Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill and others are public gardens and parks such as Central Park (new york) Twin Peaks , Mount Sutro , Mont runescape gold Davidson and Buena Vista .
A series of less densely populated hills cover the geographical center of the city. The Mount Sutro dominates the area, surmounted by the Sutro Tower , a transmission tower large red and white well-known San Franciscans. Nearby are the Twin Peaks , two hills just as popular, forming one of the highest points of the city. At about a mile south of there stands the highest point of San Francisco, Mount Davidson , at 282 meters above sea level 9 ( in ) . A cross of 31.4 meters high was erected there in 1934.
San Francisco is close vulnerabilities San Andreas and Hayward , which explains the frequency of earthquakes in the region. The two major earthquakes that struck the city are those of 1906 and 1989 (7.1 on the Richter scale ). The seismic standards have limited the damage and casualties of the latter.
The San Francisco Peninsula is the result of the clash of two tectonic plates: the Pacific Plate and the North American plate . The rocks composing the geological foundations of the city were formed at the margin of a zone of subduction between 200 million and 100 million years BC 10 . During this period, the mantle rocks were metamorphosed and have undergone significant physical changes. This bedrock was then covered by sediments when the sea level rose. The geology is complex in San Francisco 11 . The surface layers are dominated by layers sediment , except at the center: they formed a few thousand years and cover a deeper bedrock. And north along the Pacific coast are the sands of the Quaternary . The neighborhood of Mission District is built on alluvium dating to the Pleistocene . Southwest neighborhoods based on layers of mud from the end of the Holocene . The hills of the center ( Twin Peaks , Forest Hill , Diamond Heights ) are composed of rocks of various kinds: the Franciscan complex of flint ( chert Franciscan Complex ) was formed in late Cretaceous or early Jurassic . But there are also volcanic rocks and metamorphic rocks dating from the same period. Sectors of Potrero Hill and Bayview include layers of serpentine , a metamorphic rock of the Jurassic.
Entire neighborhoods of the city based on fill (type polder , consisting of mud, sand and debris from previous earthquakes) and other artificially created land along the bay when space ran out. This type of field becomes extremely unstable in an earthquake, and liquefaction resulting cause considerable damage to structures built therein, as they could see in the Marina district during the earthquake in Loma Prieta in in 1989 . Treasure Island is certainly the most spectacular example of such neighborhood built on landfill. Built from materials dug directly into the bay and the resulting hole in the tunnel of Yerba Buena Island during the construction of the Bay Bridge , this island was the site of the Golden Gate International Exposition in 1939 and 1940. It would also host the San Francisco Municipal Airport, but became a naval base at the beginning of World War II . In 1997, Treasure Island was returned to San Francisco, which offers a unique view of the city.
Climate [ change ]
The climate of San Francisco is Mediterranean. In the background, the Golden Gate Bridge .
Graphic climate of San Francisco.
The famous San Franciscan fog over the city center.
The climate of San Francisco is like Mediterranean , with its own characteristics and well marked: the experts rank him in the Californian type 12 . The average annual precipitation amounts to 507.2 mm , of which 85% fall from November to March. The total rainfall and the period of dry summer makes it considered a Mediterranean climate. The temperature range is moderate and the average annual temperature lukewarm. Average maximum temperatures vary between 15 and summer 24 ° C , and winter between 10 and 15 ° C during the day but can drop to 5 ° C overnight. The climate of San Francisco is very similar to that found on the Atlantic coast of Morocco or the center of Chile 12 .
Winters are rainy and mild. The gel is almost nonexistent and the snow is a rare phenomenon. In January, the minimum morning temperatures neighborhood of 8 ° C , and the afternoon 14 ° C . Summers are generally dry and foggy but the heat wave is extremely rare. In September, during the Indian summer in San Francisco, the average minimum temperature of 13 ° C , and maximum are around 22 ° C . September and October are the hottest months of the year.
The situation of San Francisco explains the originality of its climate: the city is at the same latitude as Palermo in Sicily , but its position on the Pacific Rim gives it unique characteristics. The cold current of California brings charged perturbations of rains in winter. Thus, the waters of the Pacific Ocean bordering the west coast of the city, are updated throughout the year, and neighborhood of 10 ° C . Protect surfers all year round with combinations, even in summer, where water on its surface is often fresher than winter because of the current maritime southwest that was causing the rise of cold water to the surface. Then, the association’s current cold and heat of California is responsible for the interior layers of fog characteristics that form in certain parts of the city and above the waters of the Bay during the summer and in early fall. These mists can cover up the town 80 km to the interior. Thus, summer temperatures in San Francisco are generally much lower than in other parts of California, including the Central Valley , where the heat can reach 40 ° C . The fog is less pronounced in late spring and during the months of September and October, which are considered the true summer months in San Francisco. It takes a hundred days in the year and led many ship accidents before the invention of radar 12 . This refreshing summer is probably the cause of a urban legend that Mark Twain would have written ” The Coldest Winter I Ever Spent Was a summer in San Francisco ” 13 .
The combination of cold ocean water and intense heat from the interior of California is causing the characteristic fog that can cover the western half of the city during times throughout the day in summer and early fall . The fog is less pronounced in eastern neighborhoods, in late spring, and during the months of September and October.
The pronounced relief and maritime influences are the cause of a multitude of microclimates that exist within the city, and are generally larger in summer than in winter. The highest hills in the geographic center of the city, are responsible for a variation of about 20% in annual rainfall in different parts of the city. The hills protect their neighborhoods on the east coast cool and foggy conditions that affect the neighborhoods of Sunset or Richmond. Conversely, the sunniest neighborhoods are SoMa, Bayview, Mission and Noe Valley.
Weather record from San Francisco (California) (37 ° 47′N – 122 ° 24′W)
Neighborhoods
Main article: Districts of San Francisco .
Aerial view of San Francisco.
San Francisco has a Japantown and Chinatown , and both are among the neighborhoods of this type the oldest U.S.. The town also retains a population Vietnamese important in the Tenderloin district and a concentration of Filipinos in neighborhoods of Crocker-Amazon and South of Market (SOMA), an Italian-American community in historic North Beach, a small French Quarter sometimes called Little France in the Financial District, home communities and Irish , Chinese and Russian in the Richmond District.
The Mission District is the oldest part of town – it was built around the Mission Dolores, founded in 1776 by missionaries Spanish . Community Hispanic is predominant, but the place is under gentrification . Russian Hill is a residential area known for the stretch of twisty Lombard Street passing through it. Haight-Ashbury was the epicenter of the cons-culture hippie the year 1960 , and the district of Castro is known for its high concentration of homosexuals . There are other neighborhoods where community gay and lesbian community is particularly strong, including Noe Valley, Diamond Heights, Bernal Heights, Potrero Hill, Haight-Ashbury , Hayes Valley, Twin Peaks and SOMA.
Mission Dolores, San Francisco
San Francisco is famous for its many mansions Victorian , the best known are probably the alignment of the painted ladies of Alamo Square. The cable cars , the famous cable-drawn trams , which entered how to get your ex back service in 1873, are a symbol of the city and it is always possible to borrow up or down Nob Hill or Russian Hill . Coit Tower , which stands on Telegraph Hill, is also an instantly recognizable monument in San Francisco.
The current population growth is concentrated in the east and south of the city. The SOMA district has been one of the epicenters of the dotcom boom of the late 1990s , and is undergoing a real estate and economic revival. The Planning Commission, the city proposed a transformation of the area around the bus terminal located in SOMA, which would include a trio of skyscrapers whose highest peak at 350 meters 15 . The newer area of Mission Bay at the eastern end of SOMA, is being redeveloped, and in the stadium baseball AT & T Park and a schedule of the medical school of the University of California at San Francisco .
Neighborhoods of Bayview and Excelsior, in the southeast of the city, are a poor and predominantly African American . Recent efforts of the municipality to reduce the rate of crime have had limited success.
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List of neighborhoods of San Francisco in California
Public parks and gardens
A path in Golden Gate Park
The best known and largest green spaces in the city is the Golden Gate Park , with over 70 hectares more than the Central Park of New York , but still smaller than Griffith Park in Los Angeles . South of Golden Gate Park is another famous, disused military base in the Presidio . This is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area , which includes Alcatraz , and many other protected areas. Buena Vista Park , located in the neighborhood of Haight-Ashbury , is the oldest public park in the city, founded in 1867. Not far away, Alamo Square is famous for its views of the city and its row of houses Victorian nicknamed the Painted Ladies . A major freshwater lake, Lake Merced, lies in the southwest of the city near the State University of San Francisco and Fort Funston .
San Francisco also has many public beaches, including Baker Beach and Ocean Beach , but these are considered dangerous for swimmers because of their cold waters and currents which regularly prove fatal to swimmers or surfers unwary.
Population
At the 2000 census , San Francisco had 776 733 inhabitants 17 , 329 700 145 068 homes and families. The municipality, cash advance whose boundaries correspond to those of the County of San Francisco, California is the fourth in population, behind Los Angeles , San Diego and San Jose . However, the town of San Jose -San Francisco- Oakland 18 , which includes several municipalities around the bay , brings together nearly 7 million people 2 . This metropolitan area is ranked 40 th in the world and 6 th rank in the U.S. 2 .
With nearly 6,423 people per square kilometer, San Francisco is the second major U.S. city in terms of population density after New York . County of San Francisco ranks fifth as a county U.S. 19 .
According to the 2000 census, the ethnic makeup of the city reflects its multiethnic character: 43.6% are white , 30.7% of Asian , 7.6% African American , 3% mixed race and 0, 8% Native American , Alaskan or Hawaiian 20 . In addition, 14.1% of the population defines itself as Hispanic .
Note that the proportion of Asian origin is highest in North America, this minority is larger than that of African Americans , which has been declining 21 : 19.6% of San Franciscans are of origin Chinese , and Chinatown is the most populous U.S. after that of New York . Other neighborhoods with high concentrations are Asian Sunset, Visitacion Valley and Richmond 22 . The main African-American neighborhoods are Bayview and Hunter’s Point , where blacks account for over 40% of the population 23 . The share of Hispanics is highest in Mission District , Ingleside , Excelsior and Crocker Amazon 23 . 8.8% of San Franciscans claim an Irish origin, a 7.7% German and 6.1% of Anglo-Saxon roots.
San Francisco is famous for hosting the largest proportion of parents homosexuals in the country, and that of gay singles. Homosexual men outnumber the lesbian population, which is more concentrated in the suburbs east of the bay 24 . A recent study by William McFarland for public health services of the city, one in five men in San Francisco’s gay and a little more of a gay San Franciscan on-4 is infected with HIV 25 .
Age structure in the county of San Francisco. Census 2000 data.
Among the 329 700 households surveyed in 2000, 16% had one or more children under 18 years, 31.6% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 56% were pop up displays Non-family households. 38.4% of households had someone living alone. The number of persons per household was 2.3 on average and the average family size was 3.22 members. San Francisco is the great American city counting the lowest proportion of children among its population. This can be explained by the high rents and the fact that many families prefer to live in the residential suburbs that stretch beyond the limits of the municipality.
Population of 10 cities in California the most populous (2004) 26
Distribution of ethnic groups by district
Whites
Asian
Hispanic
African Americans
Municipal government and politics
The City Hall of San Francisco , in the Civic Center
San Francisco has a consolidated city-county government since 1856 . The city is therefore one of 58 counties in California while a municipality . This status that the city is administered by a special structure: the mayor is also the head of the county executive and County Council ( Board of Supervisors ) officiates as a city council.
Since 1900 , the San Francisco mayor and councilors are elected by all voters of the municipality before that date, the mayor was appointed by the city council 27 .
The San Franciscans often see themselves as the most liberal Democratic American, so more tolerant and progressive [ref. required] .
In 1989 , the municipality has passed a prescription called “sanctuary” which implies non-cooperation with supervisory authorities of the Immigration 28 . In 2007 , she has decided to grant identity documents to anyone who can prove residency, including illegal immigrants 28 . In spring 2008 , the city launched an awareness campaign for illegal immigrants, which aired on brochures and radio in several languages, to let them know they will not click here be reported by municipal services (hospitals, schools , police) services to federal immigration 28 .
The municipality is conducting an ambitious environmental policy. It has banned plastic bags 29 and 69% of waste is recycled 29 . In 2005, the World Environment Day took place in San Francisco around the theme “Green Cities: Plan for the Planet 30 ! ”
Economy
The business district of San Francisco seen from Alcatraz
Union Square and the mall Macy’s
In the past, San Francisco drew its prosperity from the exploitation of gold , the silver and oil . During the Second World War , with military operations in the Pacific against the Japanese , the naval base in San Francisco provides thousands of jobs directly and indirectly. In the year 1960 , port activities free ipad 3 declined. This is carpet cleaning Kansas City the Port of Oakland, which then takes over.
The tourism is the main economic activity of San Francisco, which ranks among the top ten U.S. destinations. San Francisco is the 5 th American city that attracts more foreign tourists 31 . Fisherman’s Wharf tourist attraction is the third U.S. 32 . According to The Economist , the city was visited in 2004 by some 15 million tourists, earning $ 6.7 billion 33 . Through its infrastructure, the city ranks in the top ten places for conventions and conferences in North America 34 . French tourists favor large U.S. cities : thus, the top 20 tourist destinations of the French, five are American. The first is New York , San Francisco, the fifth and eighth Las Vegas 35 .
The legacy of the Gold Rush made San Francisco the main financial and banking center of the Pacific coast. Montgomery Street in the financial center is often considered the ” Wall Street West “. It is the seat of the 12 th District of the Federal Reserve and institutions Wells Fargo Charles Schwab Corporation and Visa . Many other banks, financial institutions and companies venture capital have taken up residence there in order to do business with firms of Silicon Valley .
In recent years, San Francisco has established itself as a center of excellence in the areas of biotechnology and biomedicine . In May 2005, San Francisco was chosen to host the headquarters of the research program California stem cells . The largest of these industries is concentrated in the area of Mission Bay in the southeast of the city. The CBD is home to chiropractic seminars several corporate headquarters: McKesson , a company of drugs , which ranked 15 th largest global companies by turnover in 2009 36 ; Pacific Gas and Electric Company in the field of electricity and gas; chain of clothing stores Gap .
The SMEs are a major force in the economy of San Francisco, since according to the Chamber of Commerce of the city, nearly 90% of companies san-Franciscan fewer than 100 employees.
San Francisco is one of the few U.S. cities to impose its own minimum wage, taking precedent over that of the state, it passes. In November 2006, voters-san Franciscans also approved a measure that would establish mandatory sick leave for employers in the city, at the height of one hour per 30 hours worked illness.
Transportation
Road network
The Golden Gate Bridge
The Bay Bridge , part of which is being renovated, is the only major road joining San Francisco directly east of the bay via Treasure dental assistant schools Island . Similarly, the famous Golden Gate Bridge , San Francisco joined in Marin County , north of the bay.
The main highways in San Francisco are the Interstate 80 , which begins on the Bay Bridge and continues east, the US Route 101 , which extends Interstate 80 south to Silicon Valley . In its north, the US 101 merges with two major arteries of the city, Van Ness Avenue and Lombard Street and then follow the Golden Gate Bridge and through Marin County. The Interstate 280 begins in South of Market to the west and then south forks to Silicon Valley and Highway 1 and via Park Presidio Boulevard through car insurance the west of the city.
Public Transportation
Main articles: San Francisco Municipal Railway , Bay Area Rapid Transit and San Francisco Cable Cars .
The tram in San Francisco
San Francisco was probably the public transport network as dense on the western coast of the United States. It is also one of the networks most often, since 35% of San Franciscans, the borrow-day.
The municipal public transport network, Muni , is managed by the city. It includes the tram network of the city (including light rail), including ‘cable cars’ so popular with tourists, and a network of buses and trolleybuses .
The entire region is served by an express rail, BART ( Bay Area Rapid Transit ), inaugurated in 1974 , which connects San Francisco to the East Bay through a tunnel (the Transbay Tube) and north of County San Mateo , which is notably the San Francisco International Airport .
Caltrain is a railway whose terminus is san-Franciscan in the SOMA district. The line, which connects San Francisco to the city of Gilroy , via San Jose , follows more or less parallel to the Avenue El Camino Real , and serves many stations along the San Francisco Peninsula.
A modest fleet of ferry commutes between the neighborhood of the Embarcadero and Marin County , Oakland , Vallejo and Solano County . A proposed high speed train , accepted by Californians during the referendum of 6 November 2008 will link San Francisco to Anaheim , in the greater Los Angeles , a distance of 1 300 km 37 .
Airports
Main article: San Francisco International Airport .
The San Francisco airport at night
The San Francisco International Airport (SFO) (in English , San Francisco International Airport ) is located 12.9 km south of the city in San Mateo County , near the San Francisco Bay . This is the second largest airport in California, after that of Los Angeles . It is connected to the rail network BART via BART and Caltrain or shuttle. The other two major airports of the city are the Oakland International Airport to 32.2 km east of San Francisco, and the International Airport Norman Y. Mineta San José , at 70.8 kilometers to the southwest.
Ports
Ferry Building, the Port of San Francisco
The port of San Francisco was once the largest and busiest of the American west coast, but this title is now held by the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach . Although the San Francisco Bay is a destination port important, it is now the Port of Oakland , which hosts most of the cargo, with more space and better infrastructure.
Like Income Protection Insurance many old harbors American , San Francisco was built based on pontoons ( piers ) perpendicular to the coast. The cargo was then unloaded by crane and transported manually to the hangars on the docks. It is through these pontoons that Transito the important timber trade from the west coast.
The advent of the era of containers spelled the end of the Port of San Francisco, which was not equipped for this type of cargo. Number of hangars became obsolete and remained abandoned until their recent conversion to offices, shopping centers or exhibition spaces. The Port of San Francisco continues to be active, but its activities now limited to ferries that pass from the Ferry Building , to boating and tourism. Pier 39 houses a shopping center and tourist cruise ships. A renovation of Piers 27-31 project is 38 .
Sports
The AT & T Park in San Francisco
San Francisco is home to several professional teams: that of the San Francisco 49ers ( National Football League ) is the most famous and oldest of the city. The football team began in 1946 and has since 1971 in the Monster Park at Candlestick Point . It had its heyday in the 1980s and 1990s, winning five titles in the Super Bowl thanks to players like Joe Montana , Steve Young , Ronnie Lott and Jerry Rice .
The San Francisco Giants ( Major League Baseball ) are the other team’s flagship city: the team was born in New York and remained there until moving to San Francisco in 1958 . Since 2000, the Giants play at the AT & T Park , the San Franciscans continue to call PacBell Park . This stage more than 41 000 seats is part of the renovation of South Beach and Mission Bay 39 .
The California Victory ( USL First Division )
The San Francisco Dragons ( Major League Lacrosse )
The San Francisco Pilots ( American Basketball Association , Red Conference)
The city also has several http://www.insuranceforcriticalillness.co.uk/ university teams, including the Gifts of the University of San Francisco , the Gators of the University of San Francisco State Rams and the City College of San Francisco green smoke coupon . The cut of the Emerald Bowl League of American Football NCAA is held in San Francisco every December.
Running Bay to raspberry ketones Breakers has been held annually since 1912 . It is an opportunity for some participants to be run in costumes, or naked, and holds the record for largest number of participants in its class (110 000 in 1986 ). The marathon of San Francisco is held annually in July, and traditionally includes a loop that includes the Golden Gate Bridge .
The Gold Route is a race boat that connects New York to San Francisco nonstop.
Culture
San Francisco’s Chinatown
In the years following the Second World Medical Billing And Coding War , San Francisco has accelerated its transformation into a center of culture and alternative lifestyles. Movements that have contributed to this development are many: the Beat Generation , embodied by the beatniks (a term born from the pen of local columnist Herb Caen ), the San Francisco Renaissance of the 1950s , culture hippie , the release sexual , the civil rights gays and the famous ” Summer of Love “in the neighborhood of Haight-Ashbury in the 1960s .
Links San Francisco with Asia are crucial to understand the city’s Chinese community is one of the largest in North America, San Francisco has the second Chinatown ‘s most populous U.S. behind New York . The city is twinned with particular Shanghai and has developed close ties with Asian culture: the Asian Art Museum and Japanese Garden of Golden Gate Park are among the most interesting of the West . In 1975 , an exhibition of Chinese archaeological remains had attracted 800,000 visitors in two months.
Literature
The xix th century, Jules Verne ‘s heroes passed Around the World in eighty days by San Francisco, describing it (without having ever visited) as the archetype of cosmopolitan and port:
“Passepartout watched with curiosity the great American city: wide streets, low houses aligned, churches and temples of a Gothic Anglo-Saxon, immense docks, warehouses like palaces, some in wood, others of brick, the streets , many cars, omnibuses, as trams, and on crowded sidewalks, not only Americans and Europeans, but Chinese and Indians 40 . ”
San Francisco is the city where the writer grew up Jack London . It is often mentioned in his novels .
Jack Kerouac, in his book on the road , evokes numerous occasions “Frisco”, the city of Dean Moriarty.
The San Francisco Public Library is a network of 28 libraries spread across the districts of the central library and one that is in the Civic Center . The first public library in San Francisco opened its doors in 1879 on Bush Street. In 2007, all public libraries in San Francisco has over 2.46 million books, of which 1.27 million are kept in the central library 41 . The current building that houses the lift kit central library 42 was built in 1993-1995 and cost $ 109.5 million 43 . Its total area is 35,000 m2 spread over six floors and a basement. The new library is twice as large as the old, which had been damaged by the earthquake in Loma Prieta in 1989 .
The Chronicles of San Francisco (Tales of the City) of Armistead Maupin happen entirely to “Frisco”.
Film and Television
Main article: List of films shot in San Francisco .
Golden Gate Bridge
San Francisco is click here now probably one of the most picturesque cities of North America , which earned him the setting for many works of film and television series . In film, the hills of San Francisco have been featured in many car chases, from Bullitt to The Rock , but also many romantic comedies like Legally Blonde or Red to Live on Edtv . The city was also the seat of many black films or suspense , the Dark Passage to Zodiac through Vertigo or The Game .
San Francisco hosts an annual International Film Festival ( San Francisco International Film Festival ) and many other more specialized.
Many television shows are in the “City by the Bay.” The town was immortalized in the police series The Streets of San Francisco or the adaptation of Tales of the City . Note however that since the year 1980 , number of series or miniseries with the city as a backdrop are mostly in the studio or touring in the region of Los Angeles (like the sitcoms The Full House or Life five or series Sliders: The Parallel Worlds or Charmed ), or to Canada , in Toronto , Montreal or more frequently in British Columbia , where production costs are lower. The last exception was the series Nash Bridges , filmed entirely in San Francisco and the region between 1996 and 2000 . But the episodes of Monk and are shot in Vancouver with the exception of a few outdoor scenes, the series quickly canceled Bionic Woman was also full tour in British Columbia. Journeyman , released in 2007, was largely regional tour Los Angeles, just like Eli Stone and Women’s Murder Club (2007).
Since the mid-2000s, the city of San Francisco tried to seduce production companies including lowering the costs of filming permits and streamlining the system, but for now with limited success. However a series in production since 2009, Trauma , to be turned primarily in San Francisco.
Video game
The video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas features a replica of the city, called San Fierro in the game
The video game Driver: San Francisco , released in September 2011 , takes place in the city.
Performing arts
The lobby of the War Memorial Opera House
The city has many theaters, starting with those of the San Francisco Symphony , the San Francisco Opera and San Francisco Ballet . The opera and ballet in the city are among the oldest troops in the United States. The city is also home to the American Conservatory Theater , often abbreviated ACT, cna classes a major institution of the theater scene in the region of the Bay since its founding in 1965 .
In addition to these professional institutions and more traditional, including San Francisco hosts the famous San Francisco Gay Men’s Chorus , a choir of 230 singers homosexuals, and the San Francisco Lesbian / Gay Freedom Band, the first gay and lesbian marching band in the world. The city also has two other gay choruses, the Gay Chorus of San Francisco and the Golden Gate Men’s Chorus.
Several music festivals held annually in San Francisco, including the San Francisco Blues Festival, the oldest festival of blues American, held each fall since 1973 , and the San Francisco Jazz Festival each fall since 1982 . Since 1993 , the festival Noise Pop celebrates also the latest trends in music rock , the San Francisco Electronic Music Festival was launched in 2000 , and the Mission Creek Music Festival puts on display of local performers since 1996 .
San Francisco has inspired many writers and performers, from Henry Mancini to Arctic Monkeys , to the Village People and Chris Isaak . Maxime Le Forestier immortalized in San Francisco ‘s bohemian experience during the golden age of motion hippie the city, and Otis Redding sang the nostalgia of a native of Georgia in (Sittin ‘on) The Dock of The Bay .
The two most popular songs of San Franciscans, however, remain on their city San Francisco , sung by Jeanette MacDonald in the film of the same title , and I Left My Heart in San Francisco by Tony Bennett .
Nightlife
San Francisco has an intense and varied nightlife, with many bars, lounges and clubs for those who leave. The living quarters as the night are North Beach , the Mission District, the Marina, the Castro and South of Market. Some venues are legendary San Franciscan-like The Fillmore and The Warfield. Bimbo’s 365 and the Great American Music Hall are also known to host interpreters to the growing popularity, and 1015 Folsom and Ruby Skye are among the clubs busiest. Because of an intense night lighting, the reverberation of light on water and moisture and air pollution, the city is often covered by a halo night reflecting a phenomenon of light pollution particularly affecting the birds at the time of migration.
Museums of San Francisco
The cultural life of San Francisco is rich with museums:
The California Palace of the Legion of Honor
The Palace of Fine Arts
The California Palace of the Legion of Honor
Main article: California Palace of the Legion of Honor .
Located in Lincoln Park, west of the city, this museum is one of the most remarkable of San Francisco. Built in memory of 3,600 dead soldiers California in France during the First World War , it opened in 1924 thanks to the efforts and the Spreckels family fortune.
The Exploratorium
Main article: Exploratorium .
The Exploratorium is a museum dedicated to science, founded in 1969 by physicist Frank Oppenheimer . It is part of the Palace of Fine Arts (Palais des Beaux-Arts) and is installed in a building built in 1915 on the occasion of the international exhibition. It reproduces a domed Roman. It annually receives the visit of 500 000 people, including many students of the town 44 .
The California Academy of Sciences
Main article: California Academy of Sciences .
The California Academy of Sciences was founded in 1853 45 . It is located at 875 Howard Street in the Yerba Buena . The museum will move to the fall of 2008 in a new complex under construction since 2005 and will include the Natural History Museum, the Aquarium Steinhart and planetarium Morrison. The new building, located in Golden Gate Park and the plans were designed by architect Renzo Piano will host the 38 000 live animals of the institution online reputation management 45 . 9,870 sqm will be open to the public 45 .
The Asian Art Museum
Located in the heart of Civic Center in a building opened in 1966 , the Asian Art Museum is home to about 15,000 objects from Asia. The basis of this collection comes from the estate of millionaire Avery Brundage, who died in 1975 . This is the richest museum of Asian art in the world after that of Taipei 46 . In 1989 , a department of Korean art has enriched this institution. Finally, on 20 March 2003 , after a reorganization conducted under the direction of Italian architect Gae Aulenti , the museum offers a new framework to collections.
Other museums
San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park
San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park which includes the Maritime Museum of San Francisco
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) is dedicated to contemporary art . It opened in 1935 and was the only museum of its kind on the West Coast of the United States . The building designed by architect Mario Botta has been open since 1995 . It houses some 25,000 works 47 of Henri Matisse , Georges Braque , Jackson Pollock , Andy Warhol , Paul Klee , Marcel Duchamp , Ansel Adams , among others.
San Francisco De Young Museum , inaugurated in 1895 in Golden Gate Park , is the oldest museum of Fine Arts in San Francisco 48 . The De Young Museum houses collections of art from the Americas, Africa and Oceania.
Tourism
San Francisco has received 15.8 million tourists in 2006. These have generated revenues of $ 7.8 billion 49 .
Media
Several newspapers are published in San Francisco: The San Francisco Chronicle is the largest daily in Northern California in the distribution 50 . It was established in 1865 and is part of the Hearst Corporation , and its daily circulation reached 512,000 copies on weekdays and 540,000 on Sundays. Herb Caen worked there from the late 1930s. The San Francisco Examiner newspaper was one of the most remarkable of the media empire of William Randolph Hearst , and he declined to become today a small tabloid 51 , 52 . Sing Tao Daily is among the largest Chinese newspaper the San Francisco Bay 53 .
Several daily and weekly newspapers are distributed free in San Francisco, including San Francisco Bay Guardian , a liberal weekly, or the SF Weekly .
The city also hosts the headquarters of magazines urban San Francisco Magazine and 7×7 , and many other publications, such as cultural monthly The Believer and Planet , the magazine of fashion and design space magazine or Asian-American Hyphen .
The San Francisco area is the fifth region in the U.S. market in terms of audience television 54 , and fourth in terms of audience radio 55 . All U.S. television networks ( ABC , NBC , CBS , Fox , The CW , PBS ) have affiliate channel, and the town also hosts other independent air bed reviews television stations and unaffiliated, and regional offices for CNN and BBC.
San Francisco is also home to new media such as the webzine Salon.com , the company CNET Networks and publishing company focused LGBT PlanetOut.
Teaching
Satellite image of the campus of the University of San Francisco
Public universities:
The University of California at San Francisco ( UCSF ) was founded in 1873 and today has 2,600 students 56 . She is a world leader in the biomedical sciences 57 .
The State University of San Francisco ( San Francisco State University ) opened its doors in 1899 , and has over 28,628 students in 2006 56 . It is part of the system of California State University ( State University of California ) with over 410,000 students on 23 campuses in several cities in California 58 . It is located southwest of San Francisco campus and measure 54.22 hectares 58 .
Hastings Law School , which depends on the network of the University of California
The City College of San Francisco has 11 campuses 59 located throughout the email lists city. It is one of the largest community colleges in the United States with an annual workforce of over 100,000 students 60 .
Private universities:
The University of San Francisco is a Jesuit and Catholic private university, founded in 1855 and currently has over 8,300 students . Its campus measure 20.63 hectares and is located on the hill of Lone Mountain, between the Presidio and Golden Gate Park .
The Golden Gate University , founded in 1901 , currently has 5,402 students 61 .
The San Francisco Art Institute is one of the oldest (1871) and one of the most prestigious institution of higher education tria laser hair removal in contemporary art . It is in the neighborhood of Russian Hill .
New College of California
California School of Culinary Arts
Academy of Art University
Twinning and cooperation
Sections “Trivia”, “Other details”, “Did you know? “, etc.. may be inappropriate in the articles .
To improve this article should be, if these facts are of encyclopedic interest and are properly sourced , to integrate them into other sections.
Homes San Francisco
The inhabitants of the San Francisco area is generally defined by the city just the City . San Francisco is sometimes poetically called in English The City by the Bay , and San-Franciscan columnist Herb Caen has also called Baghdad by the Bay and The City That Knows How . The inhabitants of the Bay Area never use the nickname Frisco , that only tourists seem fond of. San Fran is not very popular with San Franciscans, who however sometimes abbreviate the name of the city by his initials, “SF”.
The first reinforced concrete bridge ever built in the U.S., the Alvord Lake Bridge , was built in Golden Gate Park in 1889 .
In 2002, San Francisco had many homeless fixed the city of New York , while it has only a tenth of the population. Indeed, the City of New York provides bus tickets to homeless people to send in California during the winter months when temperatures in New York falls below 0 °. These homeless people are invited to go to California, including San Francisco to spend the winter in a mild climate.
San Francisco is one of the few American cities where police investigators, inspectors equivalent of judicial police in France, have the title of inspector , not detective .
The earth shakes regularly in San Francisco and seismographs recorded amplitudes alarming jerks who fear a repetition of the great earthquake of 18 April 1906 .
The Amtrak train station in San Francisco is not San Francisco but in Emeryville
San Franciscans celebrated
Main article: List of figures san-Franciscan .
Many celebrities are from San Francisco or have resided there. These include photographers Ansel Adams and Dorothea Lange , the dancer Isadora Duncan , often considered the founder of modern dance , contemporary writer Armistead Maupin , the novelist Scottish Robert Louis Stevenson , and guitarist Kirk Hammett .
San Francisco is also the haunt of many directors and actors, including Robin Williams and Sean Penn . Clint Eastwood was born there and filmed there including the saga of Dirty Harry , Francis Ford Coppola lived there and installed his own production company American Zoetrope , and George Lucas , who lives north of town, just to move the headquarters of his company Lucasfilm Ltd.. , Industrial Light & Magic and click here to download free ringtones LucasArts in Park Presidio .